Digital Transgender Archive

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  1. Letter from L. Clemmensen to Rupert Raj (November 22, 1982)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Clemmensen, L.
    Date: Nov. 22, 1982
    Topics: Transgender activism
    Subject: Gender Identity Clinic of New England (GICNE), Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from L. Clemmensen of the Clarke Institute of Psychiatry to Rupert Raj updating him on employees at the Gender Identity Clinic.
  2. Letter from John A. Lamont to Rupert Raj (March 1, 1982)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Lamont, John A.
    Date: Mar. 1, 1982
    Topics: Gender affirming surgery, Phalloplasty
    Description: Letter from John A. Lamont to Rupert Raj stating that he has never performed a phalloplasty but that he will circulate Raj's letter to his colleagues in the coming weeks.
  3. Jennifer Pritzker Oral History

     
    Collection: Audio and Video Clips and Transcripts
    Institution: OUTWORDS
    Creator: Pritzker, Jennifer, Funk, Mason
    Date: Nov. 11, 2021
    Topics: COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020-, Israel-Arab War, 1973, LGBTQ+ people in the military, LGBTQ+ veterans, Public bathroom bills
    Subject: Barry Winchell, Calpernia Addams, Jennifer Pritzker
    Description: Content warning: This item contains potentially sensitive material related to transphobic violence.
  4. Lisa Oakley Oral History

     
    Collection: Audio and Video Clips and Transcripts
    Institution: OUTWORDS
    Creator: Oakley, Lisa, MacCarthy, Jack
    Date: Feb. 4, 2022
    Topics: Anti-transgender discrimination, Coming out, Hormone therapy (Gender), LGBTQ+ spiritual people, Trans women, Transgender people in the military, Transgender wheelchair users
    Subject: Lisa Oakley
    Description: Lisa Oakley was born in 1953 in Chicago, Illinois. For as long as she could remember, Lisa felt that she should have been born a girl. Lisa entered into the military at age nineteen for four years,...
  5. Ceyenne Doroshow Oral History

     
    Collection: Oral Histories with People of Color
    Institution: OUTWORDS
    Creator: Doroshow, Ceyenne, Mukerjee, Lucy
    Date: Feb. 25, 2022
    Topics: Black transgender people, LGBTQ+ sex workers, LGBTQ+ unhoused people, Trans women, Transgender activism, Transgender autobiographies, Transmisogynoir
    Subject: 96 West, Andre's, Ceyenne Doroshow, Cooking in Heels: A Memoir, Flawless Sabrina, Gays and Lesbians Living In A Transgender Society ( G.L.I.T.S.)
    Description: This item contains potentially sensitive material related to transphobic violence and transphobic language.
  6. Letter from Ray Blanchard to Rupert Raj (February 1, 1982)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Blanchard, Ray
    Date: Feb. 1, 1982
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery
    Subject: Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals (FACT), Gender Identity Clinic, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Ray Blanchard, a research psychologist at the Gender Identity Clinic, to Rupert Raj informing him that the Gender Identity Clinic cannot participate in any of the joint activities propo...
  7. Letter from Colin Markland to Rupert Raj (December 10, 1981)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Markland, Colin
    Date: Dec. 10, 1981
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Phalloplasty
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Colin Markland to Rupert Raj discussing the phalloplasty technique used by Markland. Markland discusses how his move from Minnesota to Louisiana has led to a decrease in patients due to...
  8. Janetta Johnson Oral History

     
    Collection: Oral Histories with People of Color
    Institution: OUTWORDS
    Creator: Johnson, Janetta, Funk, Mason
    Date: Aug. 10, 2021
    Topics: Anti-transgender discrimination, Black transgender people, LGBTQ+ imprisonment, LGBTQ+ sex workers, LGBTQ+ unhoused people, Trans women, Transmisogynoir
    Subject: Janetta Johnson, Miss Major, Transgender Gendervariant Intersex Justice Project (TGIJP)
    Description: This item contains potentially sensitive material related to sexual assault and transphobic language.
  9. Letter from Stanley Biber to Rupert Raj (November 24, 1981)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Biber, Stanley
    Date: Nov. 24, 1981
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Phalloplasty
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Stanley Biber to Rupert Raj detailing the fees and stages through which Biber's staff performs double mastectomy and penile construction.
  10. Letter from Collier M. Cole to Rupert Raj (October 13, 1981)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Cole, Collier M.
    Date: Oct. 13, 1981
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Phalloplasty
    Subject: Collier M. Cole, Galveston Psychiatric Services: Gender Treatment Program, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Collier M. Cole to Rupert Raj describing the gender affirming surgery and care the Galveston Psychiatric Services Gender Treatment Program offers. The letter includes a timeline of surg...
  11. Letters from Judy Van Maasdam to Rupert Raj (October 7, 1981)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Van Maasdam, Judy
    Date: Oct. 7, 1981
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Mastectomy, Phalloplasty
    Subject: Gender Dysphoria Program, Inc., Judy Van Maasdam, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Judy Van Maasdam to Rupert Raj discussing the phalloplasties the group has performed and how they use a urinary extension. The letter also discusses the need to permanently remove all h...
  12. Letter from Joseph Lamberti to Rupert Raj (September 16, 1981)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Lamberti, Joseph
    Date: Sep. 16, 1981
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Phalloplasty
    Subject: Joseph Lamberti, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Joseph Lamberti to Rupert Raj discussing the details of surgery they perform, and letting Raj know that he doesn't know the cost.
  13. Charley Burton Oral History

     
    Collection: Oral Histories with People of Color
    Institution: OUTWORDS
    Creator: Burton, Charley, Bliss, Tom
    Date: Feb. 10, 2023
    Topics: Black transgender people, Electroshock therapy, Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, Gender affirming surgery, Hormone therapy (Gender), LGBTQ+ people in recovery, LGBTQ+ people with substance use disorders, LGBTQ+ support groups, Segregation, Stealth (Transgender), Trans men, Transgender authors, Transitioning (Gender)
    Subject: Alcoholics Anonymous, Black Trans Man Incorporated, Charley Burton, Morehouse College, The Boy Beneath My Skin: A Black Trans Man Living in the South, University of Virginia Hospital
    Description: Content warning: This item contains potentially sensitive material related to sexual assault, child abuse, suicide, and transphobic language.
  14. Letter from Judy Jennings to Rupert Raj (September 10, 1981)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Jennings, Judy
    Date: Sep. 10, 1981
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Mastectomy, Phalloplasty
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Judy Jennings to Rupert Raj discussing the newest phalloplasty technique that the Gender Identity Association is using. Jennings continues on to mention the complications, and success r...
  15. Letter from Milton Edgerton to Rupert Raj (July 21, 1983)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Edgerton, Milton
    Date: Jul. 21, 1983
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Mastectomy, Phalloplasty
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Milton Edgerton to Rupert Raj detailing information about the University of Virginia's medical center services for transgender patients.
  16. Letter from Milton Edgerton to Rupert Raj (September 29, 1983)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Edgerton, Milton
    Date: Sep. 29, 1983
    Topics: Bottom surgery, FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Phalloplasty
    Subject: Metamorphosis, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Milton Edgerton to Rupert Raj, responding to questions regarding phalloplasty surgeries performed at the University of Virginia Gender Identity Clinic.
  17. Letters from Joyce Schmidt and Milton T. Edgerton to Rupert Raj (September 2, 1981)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Schmidt, Joyce, Edgerton, Milton
    Date: Sep. 2, 1981
    Topics: Bottom surgery, FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Phalloplasty, Top surgery
    Subject: Joyce Schmidt, Milton Edgerton, Rupert Raj, Univeristy of Virginia Gender Identity Program
    Description: Letters from Milton Edgerton and Joyce Schmidt to Rupert Raj answering questions about gender affirming surgeries performed at the University of Virginia Medical Center.
  18. Letter from Judy Van Maasdam to Rupert Raj (October 7, 1981)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Van Maasdam, Judy
    Date: Oct. 7, 1981
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Phalloplasty
    Subject: Gender Dysphoria Program, Inc., Judy Van Maasdam, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Judy Van Maasdam to Rupert Raj discussing the phalloplasties the group has performed and how they use a urinary extension. The letter also discusses the need to remove all hair, permane...
  19. Letter from Milton T. Edgerton to Rupert Raj (July 21, 1983)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Edgerton, Milton
    Date: Jul. 21, 1983
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Hormone therapy (Gender), Phalloplasty
    Subject: Gender Identity Project, Milton Edgerton, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Milton T. Edgerton to Rupert Raj providing information on the Gender Identity Program at the University of Virginia Medical Center. Provides information on steps to becoming a patient, ...
  20. Letter from Judy Van Maasdam

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Van Maasdam, Judy
    Date: Unknown
    Topics: Gender affirming surgery, Gender dysphoria
    Subject: Gender Dysphoria Program, Inc., Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Judy Van Maasdam, coordinator at the Gender Dysphoria Program, to an undisclosed recipient providing an overview Gender Dysphoria Program and how to be considered for treatment under th...
  21. Pamphlet from the Gender Dysphoria Program on Phalloplasty

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Van Maasdam, Judy, Laub, Donald R., Fisk, Norman M.
    Date: 1981
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Phalloplasty
    Subject: Gender Dysphoria Clinic, Rupert Raj
    Description: Pamphlet on the different options a patient has for phalloplasty from the Gender Dysphoria Program, and the pros and con's of each option.
  22. Hoshina Seki Oral History

     
    Collection: Oral Histories with People of Color
    Institution: OUTWORDS
    Creator: Seki, Hoshina, Funk, Mason
    Date: Jan. 21, 2020
    Topics: Buddhism, Gender affirming surgery, Gender identity, HIV/AIDS, Japanese Americans, Partners of transgender people, Pearl Harbor (Hawaii), Attack on, 1941, Transgender Buddhists, Transgender parents, Transitioning (Gender)
    Subject: American Buddhist Academy, Hoshina Seki, New York Buddhist Church
    Description: Hoshina Seki was born in 1941 in New York City. Her father founded the New York Buddhist Church in 1938 and Hoshina buried questions about her gender identity under the pressure to “set an example”...
  23. Karina Samala Oral History

     
    Collection: Oral Histories with People of Color
    Institution: OUTWORDS
    Creator: Samala, Karina, Valdez, Rain
    Date: Jul. 27, 2022
    Topics: Asian transgender people, Filipinos, Police interactions with LGBTQ+ people, Trans women, Transgender activism, Transgender people of color, Transgender political activists
    Subject: Imperial Court, Jeffrey Prang, José Sarria, Karina Samala, The Closet Ball, West Hollywood Transgender Advisory Board
    Description: Karina Samala migrated to California from Manila, Philippines after finishing school, where she worked for 13 years as a senior engineer in an aerospace military company. After winning Closet Ball ...
  24. Letter from Barbara Palmer Litchfield to the Co-Founder of the Foundation for the Advancement for Canadian Transsexuals (April 21, 1982)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Palmer-Litchfield, Barbara
    Date: Apr. 21, 1982
    Topics:  
    Subject: Metamorphosis
    Description: A brief letter that mentions Metamorphosis and includes information on the services that Barbara and her organization, the Interpersonal Change Activists Network, might be able to provide.
  25. Letter from David Bernhardt to Rupert Raj (August 1979)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Bernhardt, David
    Date: Aug. 1979
    Topics: Androgyny
    Subject: Carleton University, Rupert Raj
    Description: Handwritten letter thanking Rupert Raj for copies of Gender Review and other miscellaneous notes.
  26. Letter from Betty W. Steiner (August 21, 1981)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Steiner, Betty W.
    Date: Aug. 21, 1981
    Topics: Bottom surgery, FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Phalloplasty
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Betty W. Steiner regarding the fact that she is not able to offer phalloplasty surgeries at this time because they are still in an experimental phase.
  27. Letter from Charles L. Puckett (August 27, 1981)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Puckett, Charles
    Date: Aug. 27, 1981
    Topics: Gender affirming surgery
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Charles L. Pucket to undisclosed recipient declining the request for information, as it would resemble a formal medical report which the department is not prepared to send.
  28. Letter from Roberto C. Granato (August 4, 1980)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Granato, Robert C.
    Date: Aug. 4, 1980
    Topics: Gender affirming surgery, MtFs
    Description: Letter from Roberto C. Granato to undisclosed recipient answering questions on his program for sex reassignment surgery. It includes some provisions that must be met before a patient can be approve...
  29. Letter from F. Brantley Scott to Rupert Raj (August 6, 1973)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator:
    Date: Aug. 6, 1973
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Trans men
    Description: Letter from F. Brantley Scott to Rupert Raj, responding to Raj's previous letter about gender affirming care that Scott is willing to offer. Scott discusses hysterectomy and the construction of the...
  30. Letter from June K. Singer (January 20, 1979)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Singer, June K.
    Date: Jan. 20, 1979
    Topics: Androgyny, Transsexual people
    Description: Letter from June K. Singer, an analytical psychologist, explaining why she does not support sex changes in any capacity.
  31. Letter from Leah Schaefer to Rupert Raj (February 23, 1980)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Schaefer, Leah
    Date: Feb. 23, 1980
    Topics: Gender affirming surgery, MtFs
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Leah Schaefer to Rupert Raj noting Schaefer's honor to be a part of Raj's board of advisors, enclosing a copy of her biography and informing Raj of her association with a counselor that...
  32. Letter from Heino Meyer-Bahlburg to Rupert Raj (April 11, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator:
    Date: Apr. 11, 1978
    Topics: FtMs
    Subject: Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals (FACT), Michael Smith, Rebirth, Rupert Raj
    Description: Short letter from Meyer-Bahlburg to Rupert Raj responding to Raj's letter and informing Raj of changes in address.
  33. Letter from Michael A. Smith to Rupert Raj (October 24, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Smith, Michael A.
    Date: Oct. 24, 1978
    Topics: FtMs, Trans men, Transgender activism
    Subject: Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals (FACT), Michael Smith, Rebirth, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Michael A. Smith to Rupert Raj (formerly known as Nicholas Ghosh), who provides updates on the organization Rebirth and attaches a copy of the most recent newsletter, requirement sheet,...
  34. Letter from Deborah H. Feinbloom to Rupert Raj

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Feinbloom, Deborah H.
    Date: Unknown
    Topics: FtMs
    Subject: Carol Steinman, Deborah Feinbloom, Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals (FACT), Gender Identity Services in Boston, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Deborah H. Feinbloom referring Rupert Raj to look into the Gender Identity Service organization in Boston for referrals in the area. Feinbloom also declines to be on the board of Raj's ...
  35. Letter from Dr. Wardell Pomeroy to Rupert Raj (May 15, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Pomeroy, Wardell B.
    Date: May 15, 1978
    Topics:  
    Subject: Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals (FACT), Rupert Raj
    Description: Brief note in which Dr. Pomeroy consents to being a psychological consultant for the Foundation for the Advancement of Transsexuals.
  36. Letter from Dr. Robert S. McCully to Rupert Raj (May 4, 1979)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: McCully, Robert S.
    Date: May 4, 1979
    Topics:  
    Subject: Medical University of South Carolina, North American Transsexualism Society, Rupert Raj
    Description: A brief letter from Dr. McCully expressing a lack of interest as serving as an advisor for the North American Transsexualism Society.
  37. Informational Papers on Phalloplasty

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: David Gilbert, Deborah, Gilbert, Charles Horton
    Date: Unknown
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Mastectomy, Phalloplasty
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Informational paper written by Dr. David Gilbert, RN. Deborah Gilbert, and Dr. Charles Horton on phalloplasty. This paper discusses the recent increase in trans men seeking bottom surgery, and note...
  38. Letter from Jules Bureau to Rupert Raj (December 8, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Bureau, Jules
    Date: Dec. 8, 1978
    Topics: Transsexual people
    Subject: Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals (FACT), Jules Bureau, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Jules Bureau to Rupert Raj saying that Jules is happy to see that there is an Association for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals. The author also discusses plans for a large sympo...
  39. Letter from Peter Roberts to Rupert Raj (February 10, 1976)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Roberts, Peter
    Date: Feb. 10, 1976
    Topics: FtMs
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Short letter from Peter Roberts informing Rupert Raj that his letter will be passed on to Dr. MacRae.
  40. Letter from Paul A. Walker to Rupert Raj (August 20, 1979)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Walker, Paul A.
    Date: Aug. 20, 1979
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Transgender activism
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Paul A. Walker to Rupert Raj providing copies of an informational pamphlet on transgender people for Law Enforcement Officers and providing a list of gender clinics in Canada.
  41. Steps to Approval for Surgery

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator:
    Date: Unknown
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Mastectomy, Phalloplasty
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: A set of informational papers concerning the steps a patient must take to be approved for FtM gender-affirming surgery. The papers contain a series of eight questions about how and why the person i...
  42. Letter from Betty W. Steiner to Rupert Raj (May 14, 1979)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Steiner, Betty W.
    Date: May 14, 1979
    Topics:  
    Description: Letter from Betty W. Steiner, psychiatrist in charge at the Gender Identity Clinic, to Rupert Raj requesting a meeting to discuss professional and personal ethics.
  43. Letter from Robert Kouri to Rupert Raj (February 2, 1979)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Kouri, Robert
    Date: Feb. 2, 1979
    Topics:  
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Robert Kouri to Rupert Raj (formerly known as Nicholas Ghosh), in which Kouri responds to several questions Raj asked in a previous letter around copying and distributing a portion of K...
  44. Letter from Paul A. Walker

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Walker, Paul A.
    Date: Unknown
    Topics:  
    Subject: F.A.C.T, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Paul A. Walker encouraging the recipient to continue their work in gaining professional understanding and acceptance of the "transsexual plight." Walker also encourages them to continue...
  45. Letter from John A. Lamont to Rupert Raj (October 4, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Lamont, John A.
    Date: Oct. 4, 1978
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Transgender activism
    Subject: Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals (FACT), Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from John A. Lamont to Rupert Raj stating that the McMaster University Medical Center does not have a specific gender identity clinic, but has provided follow-up care for patients who receiv...
  46. Letter from Paul A. Walker to Rupert Raj (January 30, 1979)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Walker, Paul A.
    Date: Jan. 30, 1979
    Topics: Transsexualism
    Subject: Gender Identity Clinic, Paul A. Walker, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Paul A. Walker to Rupert Raj discussing a previous letter and pointing Raj in the direction of the North American Transsexualism Society Inc. Also includes a letter in support of gettin...
  47. Letter from Paul A. Walker to Rupert Raj (September 29, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Walker, Paul A.
    Date: Sep. 29, 1978
    Topics: Gender affirming surgery
    Subject: Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals (FACT), Gender Clinic at the University of Texas, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Paul A. Walker to Rupert Raj thanking Raj for a copy of the Gender Review #2, and discussing a photograph that Walker had previously sent Raj.
  48. Letter from Paul A. Walker to Rupert Raj (July 31, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Walker, Paul A.
    Date: Jul. 31, 1978
    Topics: Gender affirming surgery, Phalloplasty
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Paul A. Walker, Director of the Gender Clinic, to Rupert Raj accepting the offer to be a medical advisor on the board of his foundation.
  49. Letter from J.F. Schillinger to Rupert Raj (April 12, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Schillinger, J.F.
    Date: Apr. 12, 1978
    Topics: Gender affirming surgery
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from J.F. Schillinger directing Rupert Raj to Dr. W. Poznanski, as most of Schillinger's work is limited to pediatrics. The author also mentions a committee that handles gender-affirming sur...
  50. Letter from Paul A. Walker to Rupert Raj (April 24, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Walker, Paul A.
    Date: Apr. 24, 1978
    Topics: Gender affirming surgery
    Subject: Gender Clinic at the University of Texas, Paul A. Walker, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Paul A. Walker to Rupert Raj discussing the founding and work of Gender Clinic at the Univeristy of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston, Texas. Walker discusses the steps to becoming a pa...
  51. Letter from Paul A. Walker to Rupert Raj (May 17, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Walker, Paul A.
    Date: May 17, 1978
    Topics: Gender affirming surgery
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Paul Walker to Rupert Raj explaining the medical branch of the University of Texas has performed two phalloplasties and detailing the procedure.
  52. Addendum to the Office of Psychohormonal Research at The Johns Hopkins University

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Money, John
    Date: Mar. 24, 1978
    Topics:  
    Subject: Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals (FACT), Johns Hopkins University, Rupert Raj
    Description: A letter asking Dr. John Money to serve as a medical consultant to the Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals. Dr. John Money writes that he cannot serve as a medical consultant.
  53. Letter from Amy E. Burns to Rupert Raj (1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Burns, Amy E.
    Date: 1978
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Trans men, Transgender people
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Amy E. Burns, coordinator at the Johns Hopkins Sexual Behaviors Consultation Unit, to Rupert Raj (formerly known as Nicholas Ghosh). Burns explains the process for being evaluated as a ...
  54. Letter from Dr. Leo Wollman to Rupert Raj (July 24, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Wollman, Leo
    Date: Jul. 24, 1978
    Topics: FtMs, Trans men, Transgender people
    Subject: Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals (FACT), Gender Identity Clinic, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter in which Dr. Leo Wollman thanks Rupert Raj for the copies of Gender Review and responds to Raj's questions from a previous letter. Wollman agrees to sit on the Board of Advisors for Foundati...
  55. Letter from Dr. Gregory M. Brown to Rupert Raj (April 28, 1976)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Brown, Gregory M.
    Date: Apr. 28, 1976
    Topics:  
    Subject: Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Rupert Raj
    Description: Brief letter from Dr. Brown declining to sign Rupert Raj's petition.
  56. Tracee McDaniel Oral History

     
    Collection: Oral Histories with People of Color
    Institution: OUTWORDS
    Creator: McDaniel, Tracee, Mukerjee, Lucy
    Date: Dec. 13, 2022
    Topics: Black transgender people, Entertainers, Intimate partner violence, LGBTQ+ visibility, Trans women, Transgender authors, Transgender autobiographies, Transgender political activists, Transgender rights
    Subject: Atlanta Citizens Review Board, Betty Couvertier, Keisha Lance Bottoms, Peanuts Disco, The Housing Atlanta Program (THAP), Tracee McDaniel, Trans Affairs Committee
    Description: Tracee McDaniel was born on January 20th 1967 in Sumter, South Carolina. At the age of 18, Tracee began performing as her alter ego Destiny (Your Mistress of Illusions), before moving to L.A. and s...
  57. Letter from Judith Godfrey to Rupert Raj (January 9, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Godfrey, Judith
    Date: Jan. 9, 1978
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Trans men, Transgender activism
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Judith Godfrey, coordinator at the Gender Identity Clinic, to Rupert Raj detailing the criteria required for gender-affirming surgery.
  58. Letter from Betty Steiner to Rupert Raj (April 27, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Steiner, Betty W.
    Date: Apr. 27, 1978
    Topics: FtMs, Trans men, Transgender activism
    Subject: Gender Identity Clinic, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Betty Steiner to Rupert Raj expressing interest in Raj's "Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals," (F.A.C.T).
  59. Letter from Betty W. Steiner to Rupert Raj (May 15, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Steiner, Betty W.
    Date: May 15, 1978
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Trans men, Transgender activism
    Subject: Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals (FACT), Gender Identity Clinic, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Betty W. Steiner, chairman of the Clarke Institute's Gender Identity Clinic, to Rupert Raj (formerly known as Nicholas Ghosh). Steiner is unclear about the aims and objectives of Raj's ...
  60. Letter from Leslie M. Lothstein to Rupert Raj (April 17, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Lothstein, Leslie M.
    Date: Apr. 17, 1978
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Leslie M. Lothstein to Rupert Raj discussing how the Gender Idenity Clinic was founded and how they work at the moment.
  61. Letter from William Furlow to Rupert Raj (April 28, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Furlow, William
    Date: Apr. 28, 1978
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Trans men
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from William Furlow to Rupert Raj stating that the Mayo Clinic has no program for phalloplasty.
  62. Letter from Dr. Peter A. MacKay to Rupert Raj (April 10, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: MacKay, Peter A.
    Date: Apr. 10, 1978
    Topics: Medical care
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Peter MacKay to Rupert Raj turning down his offer to be a medical consultant for Rupert's foundation.
  63. Letter from Peter MacKay to Rupert Raj (June 14, 1977)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: MacKay, Peter
    Date: Jun. 14, 1977
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Trans men
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter to Rupert Raj from Dr. Peter MacKay, discussing how the Section of Plastic Surgery of British Columbia board has decided that gender-affirming surgeries should not be covered by the Medical...
  64. Letter from Dr. D.C. Birdsell to Rupert Raj (April 11, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Birdsell, D.C.
    Date: Apr. 11, 1978
    Topics: FtMs
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Dr. D.C. Birdsell to Rupert Raj passing along the names of two doctors, one in Norfolk Virginia and one in San Francisco.
  65. Letter from Eileen Love to Rupert Raj (October 28, 1976)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Love, Eileen
    Date: Oct. 28, 1976
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Trans men
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Eileen Love, coordinator of the sexuality clinic at the University of Calgary, to Rupert Raj (formerly known as Nicholas Ghosh). Love provides information on criteria to be treated at t...
  66. Letter to Rupert Raj from Eileen Love (September 8, 1976)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Love, Eileen
    Date: Sep. 8, 1976
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Trans men
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Eileen Love to Rupert Raj disucssing the Gender Dysphoria Clinic at the University of Calgary. Love discusses the program requirements, waitlist and time frame for working with the clin...
  67. Letter from Dr. R. Marvin Bala to Rupert Raj (March 21, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Bala, R. Marvin
    Date: Mar. 21, 1978
    Topics: Gender dysphoria
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Dr. R. Marvin Bala to Rupert Raj agreeing to be identified as the medical or endocrinological consultant to the Gender Dysphoria Program at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary.
  68. Letter from D.A. Geekie to Rupert Raj (February 6, 1975)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Geekie, D.A.
    Date: Feb. 6, 1975
    Topics: Gender affirming surgery
    Subject: Canadian Medical Association, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from D.A. Geekie to Rupert Raj concerning the policies of the Canadian Medical Association on gender-affirming surgeries and abortions.
  69. Letter from Peggy Lewis to Rupert Raj (March 21, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Lewis, Peggy
    Date: Mar. 21, 1978
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Trans men
    Subject: Gender Identity Clinic, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Peggy Lewis, communications department employee at the Canadian Medical Association, to Rupert Raj (formerly known as Nicholas Ghosh). Lewis writes that the Canadian Medical Association...
  70. Letter from R.J. Walton to Rupert Raj (February 13, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Walton, R.J.
    Date: Feb. 13, 1978
    Topics: Bottom surgery, FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Trans men
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from R.J. Walton to Rupert Raj stating that the Health Sciences Center does not have a gender Identity clinic but does care for transgender patients.
  71. Letter from Charles Puckett to Rupert Raj (January 27, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Puckett, Charles
    Date: Jan. 27, 1978
    Topics: Bottom surgery, FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Trans men
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Charles Puckett to Rupert Raj breifly mentionining Puckett's new technique in penis construction, and referring Raj to the psychiatric team.
  72. Letter from Marti Norberg (January 18, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Norberg, Marti
    Date: Jan. 18, 1978
    Topics: Bottom surgery, FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, MtFs, Top surgery, Trans men
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Marti Norberg written to clarify what the Stanford Program is and what they view to be necessary treatment and support for gender-affirming surgery.
  73. Letter from Judy Jennings to Rupert Raj (August 7, 1972)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Jennings, Judy
    Date: Aug. 7, 1972
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Trans men
    Subject: Gender Identity Association, Judy Jennings, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Judy Jennings to Rupert Raj informing Raj that if he goes ahead with a surgery he has scheduled with one doctor he will not be able to receive a separate surgery from a second doctor. J...
  74. Letter from Florence Chile to Rupert Raj (May 11, 1985)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Chile, Florence
    Date: May 11, 1985
    Topics:  
    Subject: David Liebman, Florence Chile, Rupert Raj
    Description: This item contains potentially sensitive content related to suicide.
  75. Letter from Pat to Rupert Raj (February 20, 1985)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Pat
    Date: Feb. 20, 1985
    Topics: FtMs, Transgender people
    Subject: David Liebman, Rupert Raj
    Description: This item contains potentially sensitive content related to suicide.
  76. Letter from Khalid to Rupert Raj (March 15, 1985)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Khalid
    Date: Mar. 15, 1985
    Topics: Transgender people
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: This item contains potentially sensitive content related to suicide.
  77. Letter from Maura Liebman to Rupert Raj (January 21, 1985)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Liebman, Maura
    Date: Jan. 21, 1985
    Topics: Transgender people
    Subject: David Liebman, Rupert Raj
    Description: This item contains potentially sensitive content related to suicide.
  78. Letter from Lee to Rupert Raj (February 14, 1985)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Lee
    Date: Feb. 14, 1985
    Topics: Trans men
    Subject: David Liebman, Rupert Raj
    Description: This item contains potentially sensitive content related to suicide.
  79. Letter from Florence Chile to Rupert Raj (January 21, 1985)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Chile, Florence
    Date: Jan. 21, 1985
    Topics: Transgender people
    Subject: David Liebman, Rupert Raj
    Description: This item contains potentially sensitive content related to suicide.
  80. Letter from David Liebman to Rupert Raj (August 24, 1984)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Liebman, David
    Date: Aug. 24, 1984
    Topics: Trans men, Transgender people's writings
    Subject: David Liebman, Rupert Raj
    Description: Handwritten note from David Liebman to Rupert expressing condolences for the death of Rupert's cat Patches. Liebman hopes Rupert can find the address of the TS group that meets in St. Petersburg, F...
  81. Letter from David Liebman to Ruper Raj (December 21, 1984)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Liebman, David
    Date: Dec. 21, 1984
    Topics: Trans men
    Subject: David Liebman, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from David Liebman to Rupert Raj discussing Liebman's upcoming meeting with a surgeon and thanking Raj for setting up a meeting with another trans man in Florida.
  82. Letter from David Liebman to Rupert Raj (July 17, 1984)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Liebman, David
    Date: Jul. 17, 1984
    Topics: Trans men, Transgender people, Transgender people's writings
    Subject: David Liebman, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter From David Liebman to Rupert Raj giving Raj his opinions on Khalil's autobiography and asking Raj about his life.
  83. Letter from David Liebman to Rupert Raj (August 26, 1984)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Liebman, David
    Date: Aug. 26, 1984
    Topics: Trans men, Transgender people's writings
    Subject: David Liebman, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from David Liebman to Rupert Raj thanking him for his letter the other day and informing him of an upcoming trip to Florida.
  84. Letter from David Liebman to Rupert Raj (July 8, 1984)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Liebman, David
    Date: Jul. 8, 1984
    Topics: Health care for LGBTQ+ people, Trans men
    Subject: David Liebman, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter to Rupert Raj from David Liebman discussing psychologist referrals and an article from the Tampa Tribune.
  85. Letter from David Liebman to Rupert Raj

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Liebman, David
    Date: Unknown
    Topics: Trans men
    Subject: David Liebman, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from David Liebman to Rupert Raj with updates about Liebman's life.
  86. Letter from David William Foerster to Rupert Raj (1976)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Foerster, David William
    Date: 1976
    Topics: Bottom surgery, FtMs, MtFs, Top surgery, Trans men
    Subject: David William Foerster, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from David William Foerster to Rupert Raj discussing outpatient sex reassignment surgery.
  87. Letter from Edward Tank to Rupert Raj (March 1, 1976)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Tank, Edward S.
    Date: Mar. 1, 1976
    Topics: FtMs, Phalloplasty, Trans men
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Edward Tank to Rupert Raj stating that the University of Oregon and Stanford University are not combining transgender medical teams, and that the University of Oregon no longer has a te...
  88. Letter from L. O. Bradley to Rupert Raj (March 11, 1976)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Bradley, L. O.
    Date: Mar. 11, 1976
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Trans men
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from L. O. Bradley to Rupert Raj (formerly known as Nicholas C. Ghosh), stating that the Minister of Health has advised against creating a sex reassignment surgery department at Vancouver Ge...
  89. Letter from Marti Schultz to Rupert Raj (February 18, 1976)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Schultz, Marti
    Date: Feb. 18, 1976
    Topics: FtMs, Phalloplasty, Trans men
    Subject: Gender Dysphoria Program, Inc., Marti Schultz, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Marti Schultz to Rupert Raj discussing phalloplasty surgery. The letter also discusses Schultz's programs stance on rerouting the urethra and the costs of phalloplasties.
  90. Letter from Colin Markland to Rupert Raj (January 12, 1979)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Markland, Colin
    Date: Jan. 12, 1979
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery
    Subject: Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals (FACT), Rupert Raj, University of Calgary
    Description: Letter from Colin Markland to Rupert Raj discussing the University of Minnesota's gender reassignment program and where Raj can find more information detailing their surgery accomplishments and com...
  91. Letters to Rupert Raj from University of Minnesota (1978-1979)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Shons, Alan R., Markland, Colin, Buller, Sheila
    Date: Jan. 19, 1978
    Topics: Gender affirming surgery
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: This is a response to Rupert Raj from Dr. Alan Shons of the Division of Plastic Surgery at the University of Minnesota Hospitals informing Rupert that another department performs transsexual operat...
  92. Letter to Mr. Christopher E. Black from Dr. R. Marvin Bala (July 31, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Bala, R. Marvin
    Date: Jul. 31, 1978
    Topics:  
    Subject: Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals (FACT), Rupert Raj, University of Calgary
    Description: A letter to the Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals, care of Mr. Christopher E. Black. It includes a synopsis of Dr. R. Marvin Bala's curriculum vitae. There are handwritten not...
  93. Letter from John Money to Rupert Raj (July 6, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Money, John
    Date: Jul. 6, 1978
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery
    Subject: Gender Review, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from John Money to Rupert Raj (formerly known as Nicholas Ghosh). Money thanks Raj for sending a copy of "Gender Review," encloses publications regarding transsexual clinical matters, and pr...
  94. Letter from Robert J. Oliver to Rupert Raj (1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Oliver, Robert J.
    Date: 1978
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery, Transsexuality
    Subject: Robert J. Oliver, Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Robert J. Oliver to Rupert Raj discussing what steps Raj would have to take in order to get sex reassignment surgeries from Oliver's team. The letter outlines the importance of all aspe...
  95. Letter from Milton T. Edgerton to Rupert Raj (February 20, 1976)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Edgerton, Milton
    Date: Feb. 20, 1976
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Milton Edgerton to Rupert Raj saying he is happy to sign Raj's petition, and detailing his efforts to provide care for transgender patients and noting that transgender patients often be...
  96. Letter from Dr. William R. N. Lindsey to Chris (November 30, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Lindsey, William R.N.
    Date: Nov. 30, 1978
    Topics:  
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Dr. William R. N. Lindsey to Chris directing him to resources where he might receive gender-affirming care. These include doctors who are able to prescribe testosterone, support groups ...
  97. Letter from Milton T. Edgerton to Rupert Raj (April 14, 1978)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Edgerton, Milton
    Date: Apr. 14, 1978
    Topics: Gender affirming surgery
    Subject: Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals (FACT), Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Milton T. Edgerton to Rupert Raj, explaining to Raj that he feels uncomfortable being on the board of Advisors of the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals Foundation. Edgerton continues...
  98. Letter to Rupert Raj from Dr. G. Hyde (August 9, 1973)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Hyde, G.
    Date: Aug. 9, 1973
    Topics: Abortion, Gender affirming surgery
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Dr. Hyde informs Rupert Raj that there is controversy surrounding transsexual surgery and abortion. Dr. Hyde states that he cannot provide Raj with answers to some of his questions, but assures him...
  99. Letter from Dr. William R. N. Lindsey to Rupert Raj (January 8, 1976)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: Lindsey, William R.N.
    Date: Jan. 8, 1976
    Topics: FtMs, Gender affirming surgery
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from William R. N. Lindsey to Rupert Raj (formerly known as Nicholas Ghosh) letting him know that Lindsey will not be able to serve as a medical advisor for the Gender Review, but expressing...
  100. Letter from Finlay McKerracher to Rupert Raj (February 9, 1976)

     
    Collection: Rupert Raj Collection
    Institution: The ArQuives
    Creator: McKerracher, Finlay
    Date: Feb. 9, 1976
    Topics: Gender affirming surgery
    Subject: Rupert Raj
    Description: Letter from Finlay McKerracher to Rupert Raj explaining that McKerracher medical staff have been involved with sexual identity services but have only performed surgery on rare occasions. McKerrache...